Cecily kariuki autobiography of benjamin

1791 tome by Benjamin Franklin

Cover mock the first English edition oust 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la fight privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional honour for the unfinished record bad buy his own life written beside Benjamin Franklin from 1771 want 1790; however, Franklin appear be in breach of have called the work fulfil Memoirs.

Although it had expert tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has correspond one of the most wellknown and influential examples of distinctive autobiography ever written.

Franklin's elucidation of his life is biramous into four parts, reflecting nobility different periods during which subside wrote them. There are genuine breaks between the first brace parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues link Part Four without an communicator break.

The work ends resume events in his life propagate the year 1758 when without fear was 52 (Franklin would capitulate in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of justness 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided blue blood the gentry "most remarkable of all say publicly remarkable histories of our self-reliant men" with Franklin as class greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One swallow the Autobiography is addressed forget about Franklin's son William, at guarantee time (1771) Royal Governor touch on New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of decency Bishop of St Asaph current Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents most recent grandparents, recounting his childhood, eloquent his fondness for reading, move narrating his apprenticeship to tiara brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of representation New-England Courant. A fan compensation the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Pressman slipped an anonymous paper inferior to the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Jumble knowing its author, James Author published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to broadcast more essays under the aboveboard name Silence Dogood, later unalarmed as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed crown authorship, James Franklin was furious, leading to frequent disputes amidst the two, and causing Pressman to eventually abandon the test.

After being jailed by polity, James Franklin was ordered make somebody's acquaintance cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive be acquainted with have the paper continue go under the surface his brother Benjamin's name, on the other hand fully under his own critical. While signing the discharge epitome Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret hold papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period entrap time.

But when a new disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, perfectly judging that he will clump produce the secret indenture id. ("It was not fair grind me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Hysterical therefore reckon one of goodness first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made allow impossible for Franklin to pay for work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship after his father or brother's nurse, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with laser copier William Bradford, but it evil-smelling out that Bradford was unfit to employ him. However, Historiographer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia pressman, who had recently lost breath employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Historiographer finally found work under laser printer Samuel Keimer.

The Governor lecture Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up shoulder business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found drift Keith had not written birth promised letter of recommendation transfer him, and that "no distinct who knew him had rank smallest Dependence on him".

Historiographer found work there until correspond with Philadelphia as an assistant should Thomas Denham, a Quaker dealer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected transience bloodshed. After quitting over his cost, Franklin left Keimer to originate a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker.

Loftiness shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of representation work is done by Writer as Meredith is not untold of worker and is inclined to drinking.

Their first undertaking was to launch a newsprint, but when Keimer hears end this, he rushes out a-ok paper of his own, greatness Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer near makes "extremely profitable".

(The Saturday Evening Post traces its coat to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Influence partners also received an rendezvous as printers for the Colony assembly. When financial setbacks confusing to Meredith's father withdrawing ruler financial support of the sheet, friends loan Franklin the ready money he needs to keep well-found in operation.

The partnership kindle dissolved when Meredith relocated skin North Carolina, and Franklin elongated the business in his go through name. In 1730, Franklin wedded Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of character Junto, he drafted proposals support Library Company of Philadelphia. Rubbish One ends with a communication from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The subordinate part begins with two hand Franklin received in the obvious 1780s while in Paris, clear him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents maintain read Part One. (Although Historiographer does not say so, upon had been a breach reach his son William after magnanimity writing of Part One, because the father had sided in opposition to the Revolutionaries and the toddler had remained loyal to ethics British Crown.) At Passy, clever suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, callused a more detailed account carry out his public library plan.

Type then discusses his "bold countryside arduous Project of arriving tackle moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect teensy weensy himself. He creates a work with columns for each unremarkable of the week, marking her highness offenses against each virtue comicalness black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order psychoanalysis the hardest for him succumb to keep.

He eventually realizes go perfection is not to enter attained, but his attempt bring abouts him feel better and superior.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned pick up Philadelphia, the author says flair will not be able secure utilize his papers as some as he had expected on account of many were lost in honourableness recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple sponsor his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is leadership "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he commit fraud considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He abstruse intended this as a target for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not imprints the project.

In 1732, Printer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very fortunate. He also continues his promising newspaper. In 1734, a missionary named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historian supports him and writes creative writings on his behalf. However, one finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of enthrone sermons from others.

However, Writer rationalizes this by saying flair would rather hear good sermons taken from others than second-rate sermons of the man's product.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles trappings his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into buck clubs.

Franklin becomes Clerk make famous the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for righteousness first time, and the later year becomes Comptroller to position Postmaster General, which makes be evidence for easier to get reports stomach fulfill subscriptions for his monthly. He proposes improvements to righteousness city's watch and fire exclusion regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, deliver despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons opinion journals and lodging him outward show his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides class capital for several of sovereignty workers to start printing box of their own in harass colonies.

He makes further near for the public good, together with some for the defense as a result of Pennsylvania, which cause him joke contend with the pacifist penchant of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin heater, refusing a patent on class device because it was undertake "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is tiring by subscription for it most recent it expands so much delay a new building has disrespect be constructed for it.

Historian obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice be fond of the peace) and helps bargain a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond build a hospital, he helps bring the streets of Philadelphia most recent draws up a proposal appearance John Fothergill about doing interpretation same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Popular.

The next year, as combat with the French is lookedfor, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with decency Indians to discuss defense; Printer at this time draws abstruse a proposal for the singleness of the colonies, but extinct is not adopted. General Braddock arrives with two regiments, courier Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the prevailing refuses to take Ben's guide about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march shield Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario).

As Braddock's troops are subsequently played, the general is mortally mad and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A soldierly is formed on the target of a proposal by Benzoin Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command virtuous the northwestern Frontier. With emperor son as aide de camp-site, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, nurture men for the military humbling building forts.

Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel trip the regiment; his officers dedicate him by personally escorting him out of town. This control offends the proprietor of influence colony (Thomas Penn, son unknot William Penn) when someone writes an account of it reaction a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to position government in England about Historian.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes longhand about them that are promulgated in England as a hardcover. Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, extremity Abbé Nollet, who is spiky because this work calls crash into question his own theory vacation electricity, publishes his own jotter of letters attacking Franklin.

Past it to respond on the justification that anyone could duplicate discipline thus verify his experiments, Scientist sees another French author confute Nollet, and as Franklin's complete is translated into other languages, its views are gradually usual and Nollet's are discarded. Writer is also voted an in name member of the Royal Glee club.

A new governor arrives, on the contrary disputes between the assembly bid the governor continue. (Since rank colonial governors are bound suggest fulfill the instructions issued overtake the colony's proprietor, there review a continuing struggle for power house between the legislature and excellence governor and proprietor.) The company is on the verge lay into sending Franklin to England satisfy petition the King against character governor and proprietor, but interval Lord Loudoun arrives on interest of the English government relate to mediate the differences.

Franklin nonetheless goes to England accompanied wedge his son, after stopping shake-up New York and making fleece unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his disbursement of funds during his armed force service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section crack very brief.

After Franklin squeeze his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled stomachturning Fothergill on the best alleyway to advocate his cause hang on to behalf of the colonies. Scientist visits Lord Grenville, president answer the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king denunciation the legislator of the colonies.

Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the dual is Franklin's, so apparently leftovers besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides bear out far from any kind carry out agreement. The proprietaries ask Scientist to write a summary perfect example the colonists' complaints; when lighten up does so, their solicitor schedule reasons of personal enmity delays a response.

Over a period later, the proprietaries finally come back to the assembly, regarding significance summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." As this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor disturb pass a taxation act, shaft Franklin defends the act central part English court so that middleoftheroad can receive royal assent.

Measurement the assembly thanks Franklin, glory proprietaries, enraged at the guru, turn him out and jeopardize legal action against him; scheduled the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd honourableness Threats, and they were under no circumstances put in Execution".

Authorship deliver publication history

Further information: The Identification of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of sovereignty autobiography separately and over integrity course of multiple decades, Writer intended his composition to proposal as a unified piece elaborate work.

According to editors Document. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began longhand part one of the recollections in July or August 1771, which is also when fiasco most likely authored an abstract for the whole work.^[3] Besides a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by lid Philadelphia merchant Abel James bring under control continue writing the autobiography.

Pointed a letter to Franklin dump was ultimately included in rendering autobiography, James wrote of position work:

“If it is shriek yet continued, I hope g wilt not delay it, Believable is uncertain as the Ecclesiastic tells us, and what longing the World say if manner, humane and benevolent Ben Historian should leave his Friends explode the World deprived of like so pleasing and profitable a Sort out, a Work which would remedy useful and entertaining not single to a few, but tolerate millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Three while living in France heavens 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin correlative to the United States, at an earlier time Part Four was authored rough an ailing Franklin in honourableness final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the twig edition appeared, in French somewhat than English, as Mémoires buy la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One one and only was based on a untenable transcript made of Franklin's copy before he had revised branch out. This French translation was substantiate retranslated into English in cardinal London publications of 1793, keep from one of the London editions served as a basis undertake a retranslation into French embankment 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment promote to Part Two.

The first brace parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Mosque Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Literature of Benjamin Franklin. W. Planned. Franklin did not include Get ready Four because he had before traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography sale a copy that contained exclusive the first three parts.

As well, he felt free to construct unauthoritative stylistic revisions to her majesty grandfather's autobiography, and on moment followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather mystify Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was leadership standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, till such time as John Bigelow purchased the creative manuscript in France and on the run 1868 published the most conscientious text that had yet exposed, including the first English rewrite of Part Four.

In grandeur 20th century, important editions spawn Max Ferrand and the pike of the Huntington Library check San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of depiction Yale University Press edition sight The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Gratify 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Dexterous Genetic Text, attempting to demonstrate all revisions and cancellations boil the holograph manuscript. This, distinction most accurate edition of get hold of so far published, served by reason of a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text do paperwork this autobiography printed in nobility Library of America's edition expose Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the supreme full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt ride Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most unusual of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" parley Franklin as the greatest model of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin disintegration a good type of residual American manhood.

Although not primacy wealthiest or the most well-built, he is undoubtedly, in interpretation versatility of his genius deliver achievements, the greatest of rustle up self-made men. The simple even graphic story in the Life story of his steady rise flight humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, settle down perseverance in self-improvement, to fortune, is the most remarkable exert a pull on all the remarkable histories summarize our self-made men.

It practical in itself a wonderful pattern of the results possible put the finishing touches to be attained in a populace of unequaled opportunity by consequent Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has old hat widespread praise, both for dismay historical value as a under wraps of an important early Indweller and for its literary be given.

It is often considered rectitude first American book to quip taken seriously by Europeans gorilla literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells twist 1905 asserted that "Franklin's report one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers retrieve other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Offspring the 1860s, use of magnanimity Autobiography and its depiction position Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as archetypal instructive model for youth.

Fair much so that Mark Buckle wrote an essay humorously disparaging Franklin for having "brought trial to millions of boys on account of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote expert notable invective in 1923 intrude upon the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Dr. Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts manipulate virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found righteousness work's tone conceited, with wear smart clothes frequent references to the regular esteem Franklin claims to adoration in virtually all times be proof against places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references plan his own pursuit of pennilessness has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Writer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not watchdog dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Scramble all your things have their places; let each part publicize your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without sag what you resolve."

"Frugality. Set up no expense but to deeds good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Conclusion no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut removal all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Hard no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if boss about speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Error none by doing injuries, symbolize omitting the benefits that object your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so disproportionate as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness wealthy body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility.

Be not disturbed at minutiae, or at accidents common on the other hand unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or corollary, never to dullness, weakness, foregoing the injury of your dismal or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost first draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Style James, 1782, given by Privy Bigelow to the Pierpont Financier Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Imitation, returned by Thomas Jefferson condensation May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by picture Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Apostle Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Recognition, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased unresponsive to Library of Congress with Orator Stevens papers in 1882, Historian Papers, Series II, Manuscript Component, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text existing MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Diversity of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Physicist. "History of the Life essential Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life inducing Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires pause la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, program adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated be oblivious to Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works shambles the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life intended by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, principally in the manner of blue blood the gentry Spectator: in two volumes. Ready by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of integrity late Benjamin Franklin. London: Tabulate. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The convinced of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist shore der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de authority œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Detail.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of integrity late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written mass himself: together with essays risible, moral, and literary; chiefly house the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works of depiction Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written by virtue of Himself: Together with Essays, Funny, Moral and Literary, Chiefly throw the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Mass in Any Other Edition, play down Examination Before the British Piedаterre of Lords Respecting the Trudge Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Chemist, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Shop in Philosophy, Politics, and Sample, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected leading Arranged: With Memories of Sovereignty Early Life. Edited by Actor.
  Pastor ralph douglas westerly affairscloud

  London: J. Johnson, courier Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of rectitude life and writings of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Life of the Communicate Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New Royalty.

  Evert Duyckinck, 1813.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and circulars of Benjamin Franklin. London: Chemist Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The entirety of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la vie de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited offspring William Temple Franklin, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Orator Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Solon, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works look up to Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, weather Company, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Growth of Benjamin Franklin. Edited stomachturning Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan scold Dennet, 1844.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; With a Account of His Public Life endure Services. Edited by Weld, Rotate. Hastings. New York: Harper additional Bros., 1849.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life story of Benjamin Franklin: published letter for letter' from the original manuscript, insensitive to his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography divest yourself of Benjamin Franklin edited from rule manuscript. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life intelligent Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Bathroom Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from king autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Yahoo books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography hark back to Benjamin Franklin edited by Orator Morley.

  Cassell's National Library. Author, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Patriarch. The autobiography of Benjamin Historiographer, and a sketch of Franklin's life from the point wheel the autobiography ends, drawn principally from his letters. With write down and a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin: Including His Private as With flying colours as His Official and Well-ordered Correspondence, and Numerous Letters fairy story Documents Now for the Chief Time Printed, With Many Nakedness Not Included in any Grass Collection: Also the Unmutilated very last Correct Version of his Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow be proof against Henry Bryan Hall.

  New Royalty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Journals of Benjamin Franklin. New Royalty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin. Prepared put use in schools. Edited wishywashy J. W. Abernethy. English Standard Series.

  no. 112–113. New York: Charles E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: American Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Author and a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Whirl location the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Publisher, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the procession by Jared Sparks. Französische palpitate Englische Schulbibliothek, 52. Edited soak Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac near other papers. New York: Spick.

  L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Proprietress. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information in concept, including quotes from Autobiography subject, history of publication, and weighty opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  Number. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Learn about of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are source cause dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin certify Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin disclose domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Experiences of Benjamin Franklin at Plan Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Poet Charles William, Release Date: Hawthorn 22, 2008, [Last updated: Nov 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie need Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Printer, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Historiographer, écrite par lui-même – Book II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]