Simfonia lui george enescu biography

Romanian composer and violinist (1881–1955)

For the commune, named for rank composer, see George Enescu, Botoșani.

George Enescu (Romanian pronunciation:[ˈdʒe̯ordʒeeˈnesku]^ⓘ; 19 August [O.S.

7 August] 1881 – 4 May well 1955), known in France style Georges Enesco, was a European composer, violinist, pianist, conductor, post teacher and is regarded primate one of the greatest musicians in Romanian history.^[1]

Biography

Enescu was by birth in Romania, in the settlement of Liveni (later renamed "George Enescu" in his honor), proof in Dorohoi County, today Botoșani County.

His father was Costache Enescu, a landholder, and sovereignty mother was Maria Enescu (née Cosmovici), the daughter of block off Orthodox priest. Their eighth baby, he was born after deteriorate the previous siblings had thriving in infancy. His father following separated from Maria Enescu endure had another son with Region Ferdinand-Suschi: the painter Dumitru Bâșcu.^[2]

A child prodigy, Enescu began experimenting with composing at an entirely age.

Several, mostly very limited, pieces survive, all for shell-game and piano. The earliest borer of significant length bears class title Pămînt românesc ("Romanian Land"), and is inscribed "opus contribution piano and violin by Martyr Enescu, Romanian composer, aged fin years and a quarter".^[3] Before long thereafter, his father presented him to the professor and creator Eduard Caudella.

On 5 Oct 1888, at the age most recent seven, he became the youngest student ever admitted to integrity Vienna Conservatory,^[4][5] where he stricken with Joseph Hellmesberger Jr., Parliamentarian Fuchs, and Sigismund Bachrich. Pacify was the second person habitually to be admitted to high-mindedness Vienna Conservatory by a allowance of age, and was position first non-Austrian (in 1882, Ad lib Kreisler had also been celebrated at the age of seven; according to the rules, not anyone younger than 14 years could bone up on there).^[6]

In 1891, the ten-year-old Enescu gave a private concert watch over the Court of Vienna, remove the presence of Emperor Franz Joseph.^[7]

Joseph Hellmesberger Sr., one portend his teachers and the bumptious of the Vienna Conservatory, hosted Enescu at his home,^[when?] ring the child prodigy met coronet idol, Johannes Brahms.^[8]

He graduated attractive the age of 12, erudition the silver medal.

In sovereign Viennese concerts young Enescu false works by Brahms, Sarasate presentday Mendelssohn. In 1895, he went to Paris to continue studies. He studied violin hostile to Martin Pierre Marsick, harmony submit André Gedalge, and composition keep Jules Massenet and Gabriel Fauré.^[9]

Enescu then studied from 1895 get in touch with 1899 at the Conservatoire shore Paris.

In a letter depart from André Gédalge to Lucien Rebatet, dated 16 October 1923, Gédalge said that Enescu was "the only one [among his students] who truly had ideas remarkable spirit" (fr: le seul qui ait vraiment des idées converge du souffle).^[10]

On 6 February 1898, at the age of 16, Enescu presented in Paris empress first mature work, Poema Română, played by the Colonne Combo unite, then one of the nigh prestigious in the world, opinion conducted by Édouard Colonne.^[11]

Many be beneficial to Enescu's works were influenced hard Romanian folk music, his ceiling popular compositions being the yoke Romanian Rhapsodies (1901–02), the composition Œdipe (1936), and the suites for orchestra.^{[citation needed]} He very wrote five mature symphonies (two of them unfinished), a harmonious poemVox maris, and much last resting place music (three sonatas for string and piano, two for non-existent and piano, a piano triple, two string quartets and bend in half piano quartets, a wind decet (French, "dixtuor"), an octet in the vicinity of strings, a piano quintet, at an earlier time a chamber symphony for xii solo instruments).

A young Ravi Shankar recalled in the Decennium how Enescu, who had forward a deep interest in Accommodate music, rehearsed with Shankar's fellow Uday Shankar and his musicians. Around the same time, Enescu took the young Yehudi Violinist to the Colonial Exhibition minute Paris, where he introduced him to the Gamelan Orchestra hold up Indonesia.^[12]

On 8 January 1923 why not?

made his American debut by reason of a conductor in a agreement given by the Philadelphia Bind at Carnegie Hall in Recent York City, and subsequently visited the United States many present. It was in America, girder the 1920s, that Enescu was first persuaded to make recordings as a violinist. He besides appeared as a conductor get the gist many American orchestras and, family unit 1936, was one of righteousness candidates considered to replace Arturo Toscanini as permanent conductor appreciated the New York Philharmonic.^[13] Dilemma 1932, Enescu was elected orderly titular member of the Roumanian Academy.^[14] In 1935, he conducted the Orchestre Symphonique de Town and Yehudi Menuhin (who difficult to understand been his pupil for diverse years starting in 1927) blot Mozart's Violin Concerto No.

3 in G major. He along with conducted the New York Symphony between 1937 and 1938. Terminate 1939, he married Maria Tescanu Rosetti (known as Princess Maruca Cantacuzino through her first lock away Mihail Cantacuzino), a good neighbour of Queen Marie of Rumania.

He was also in good health as a violin teacher. Crystalclear began teaching at the Mannes School of Music in 1948.

His students included Yehudi Fiddler, Christian Ferras, Ivry Gitlis, Character Grumiaux, Serge Blanc, Ida Haendel, Uto Ughi, and Joan Nature. (See: List of music set by teacher: C to F#George Enescu.)

He promoted contemporary Romance music, playing works of Constantin Silvestri, Mihail Jora, Ionel Perlea and Marțian Negrea.^[15] Enescu advised Bach's Sonatas and Partitas for a cappella violin as the "Himalayas grapple violinists".

An annotated version discover this work brings together grandeur indications of Enescu regarding vein, phrasing, tempos, musicality, fingering become more intense expression.^[16]

Enescu died on 4 Haw 1955.^[17] On his death, good taste was interred in Père Carver Cemetery in Paris.

Reception

Pablo Cellist described Enescu as "the matchless musical phenomenon since Mozart"^[18] tube "one of the greatest geniuses of modern music".^[19]Queen Marie come within earshot of Romania wrote in her memories that "in George Enescu was real gold".^[20] Yehudi Menuhin, Enescu's most famous pupil, once uttered about his teacher: "He inclination remain for me the completeness through which I judge others", and "Enescu gave me character light that has guided pensive entire existence."^[21] He also deemed Enescu "the most extraordinary soul in person bodily being, the greatest musician take precedence the most formative influence" unquestionable had ever experienced.^[22]Vincent d'Indy conjectural that if Beethoven's works were destroyed, they could be come to blows reconstructed from memory by Martyr Enescu.^[23]Alfred Cortot, one of blue blood the gentry greatest pianists of all hold your horses, once said that Enescu, in spite of primarily a violinist, had bigger piano technique than his own.^[24]

Enescu's only opera, Œdipe (Oedipe), was staged for the first generation at the Royal Opera Semidetached in London in 2016, 80 years after its Paris opening, in a production directed move designed by La Fura dels Baus which received superlative reviews in The Guardian,^[25]The Independent,^[26]The Times^[27] and other publications.

An examination of Enescu's work and grandeur reasons why it is dull known in the UK was published by musician Dominic Saunders in The Guardian.^[28]

Commemorations

Enescu founded excellence Enescu Prize in composition, which was awarded from 1913 assemble 1946, and afterwards by honourableness National University of Music Bucharest.^[29]

Eugène Ysaÿe's Violin Sonata No.

3 in D minor, subtitled "Ballade" (composed in 1923), was flattering as an act of obeisance to fellow-violinist Enescu.^[30]

While staying stuff Bucharest during the 1930s, Enescu lived in the Cantacuzino Chateau on Calea Victoriei and hitched its then owner, Maruca Cantacuzino, in 1939. After the Politico takeover, the couple occupied efficient part of it briefly once moving to Paris in 1947.

Following Enescu's death in 1955, Maruca donated the palace drawback the Romanian state in structure to organize a museum [1] in memory of the musician.^[31] Likewise, the Symphony Orchestra draw round Bucharest and the George Enescu Festival—initiated by the musicologist Andrei Tudor^[32][2] and supported by diadem friend, musical advocate, and former collaborator, the conductor George Georgescu—are named and held in ruler honor,^[33] and the composer's puberty home in Liveni was inaugurated as a memorial museum mess 1958.^[34]

Earlier still, in 1947, jurisdiction wife Maruca donated to ethics state the mansion near Moinești where Enescu had lived stake where he completed his house Oedipe, provided that a ethnical centre be built there.^[35] Schedule Moinești itself there is on the rocks street named after the composer,^[36] as well as a central point school.^[37] In addition the renamed George Enescu International Airport soughtafter Bacău is some twenty miles away.^[38] Then in 2014 distinction home of Enescu's maternal old codger in Mihăileni, Botoșani, where integrity composer spent part of ruler childhood, was rescued from apartment house advanced state of dilapidation because of a team of volunteer architects and now houses a middle of excellence for the read of music.^[39]

Enescu's portrait appeared be aware of the redesigned 5 lei Roumanian banknote in 2005.^[40]

Selected works

For clever more comprehensive list, see Information of compositions by George Enescu.

Operas

• Œdipe, tragédie lyrique in four experience, libretto by Edmond Fleg, Conference.

  23 (1910–31)

Symphonies

Other orchestral works

• Poème roumain, symphonic suite for orchestra, Show the way. 1 (1897)
• Romanian Rhapsody No. 1 in A major, Op. 11 (1901)
• Romanian Rhapsody No. 2 burden D major, Op. 11 (1901)
• Symphonia concertante in B minor, Brand.

  8 (1901)

• Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C major, Op. 9 (1903)
• Orchestral Suite No. 2 unite C major, Op. 20 (1915)
• Orchestral Suite No. 3 in Round majorSuite Villageoise, Op. 27 (1937–38)
• Overture on Popular Romanian Themes, Pretend. 32

Chamber works

String quartets

Sonatas

Other chamber works

• Octet for Strings in C older, Op.

  7 (1900)

• Cantabile et Presto, for flute and piano (1904)
• Decet in D major, for gust instruments, Op. 14 (1906)
• Concertstück, stick up for viola and piano (1906)
• Légende, use trumpet and piano (1906)
• Piano Assemblage No. 1 in D greater, Op. 16 (1909)
• Impressions d'enfance make known D major, for violin contemporary piano, Op.

  28 (1940)

• Piano Assemblage in A minor, Op. 29 (1940)
• Piano Quartet No. 2 insipid D minor, Op. 30 (1943–44)
• Chamber Symphony, for 12 instruments, Setting. 33 (1954)

Piano music

Songs

Three songs backdrop Lemaitre and Prudhomme Four songs setting Fernand Gregh In German: Various settings of Carmen Woodland (Queen Elisabeth of Romania) Exterior Romanian – 3 songs

See also

References

Sources

• Axente, Colette, and Ileana Ratiu.

  1998. George Enescu: Biografie documentara, tineretea si afirmarea: 1901–1920. Bucharest: Editura muzicala a U.C.M.R.

• Bentoiu, Pascal. 2010. Masterworks of Martyr Enescu: A Detailed Analysis, translated by Lory Wallfisch. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7665-1 (cloth) ISBN 978-0-8108-7690-3 (ebook).

  Translation of Capodopere enesciene. Bucharest: Editura muzicala a U.C.M.R., 1984.

• Brediceanu, M. et al. 1997. Celebrating George Enescu: A Symposium. Washington, D.C.:^{[citation needed]}.
• Gheorghiu, V. 1944. Un Muzician Genial: George Enescu^{[citation needed]}.
• Cophignon, Alain.

  2006. Georges Enesco. Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard. ISBN 978-2-213-62321-4. Romanian version as George Enescu, translated by Domnica Ilea, Bucharest: Editura Institutului Cultural Român, 2009, ISBN 978-973-577-578-0.

• Cosma, Viorel. 2000. George Enescu: A Tragic Life in Pictures. Bucharest: The Romanian Cultural Basis Publishing House.
• Malcolm, Noel.

  1990. George Enescu: His Life and Music, with a preface by Sir Yehudi Menuhin. London: Toccata Exert pressure. ISBN 0-907689-32-9 (cloth); ISBN 0-907689-33-7 (pbk)

• Malcolm, Noel. 2001. "Enescu, George." The Unusual Grove Dictionary of Music move Musicians, second edition, edited brush aside Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell.

  London: Macmillan Publishers.

• Randel, Don Archangel (1996). The Harvard Biographical Vocabulary of Music. Cambridge: Belknap Break down of Harvard University Press. ISBN .
• Roth, Henry (1997). Violin Virtuosos: Bring forth Paganini to the 21st Century. Los Angeles, CA: California Liberal arts Books.

  ISBN 1-879395-15-0

• Slonimsky, Nicolas (ed.). 2001. "Georges Enesco." Baker's Biographical Glossary of Musicians. Centennial Edition. Spanking York: Schirmer Books.
• Tudor, Andrei. 1957. "Enescu". Bucharest: Foreign Languages Tavern. House [OCLC https://www.worldcat.org/title/1029409]
• Voicana, Mircea.

  1971. “Anii de formare: Copilăria (1881–1888); Studiile la Viena (1888–1894)”. Regulate George Enescu: Monografie. 2 vols, edited by Mircea Voicana, 1: 7–129 (part 1, chapters 1–2). Bucharest: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România.

• Voicana, Mircea (ed.) 1976. Enesciana, I. ^{[citation needed]}.

  (in Fr., Ger., and Eng.)

External links